The Theory of Moral Sentiments;: Or, An Essay towards an Analysis of the Principles by which Men naturally judge concerning the Conduct and Character, first of their Neighbours, and afterwards of themselves. To Which Is Added, A Dissertation on the Origin of Languages.

London: Printed for A. Strahan [& 2 others in London], W. Creech, and J. Bell & Co., Edinburgh,, 1797. Smith's first great contribution to Enlightenment philosophy Eighth edition of the author's first book, a probing analysis of human nature. Smith's work, first published in 1759, laid the intellectual foundations for the Wealth of Nations (the Theory includes his first use of the "invisible hand" concept), and Smith himself ranked it above its illustrious successor. The eighth edition follows the text of the sixth, which incorporated Smith's final revisions. To answer the question of how humans could form moral judgements in spite of their overwhelming selfish passions, Smith develops the concept of an impartial spectator within the human psyche, passing dispassionate and unavoidable judgements on each person's behaviour. For Smith, self-seeking men are often "led by an invisible hand... and thus without intending it, without knowing it, advance the interest of the society" (vol. I, p. 466). This copy bears on the front pastedowns the 19th-century engraved bookplate of "J. P. Hamilton" - possibly the Colonel J. P. Hamilton who served as Chief Commissioner in the Republic of Columbia in the early 19th century. Two volumes, octavo (208 x 130mm). Contemporary tree calf, rebacked with original spines laid down, smooth spines ruled in gilt to form six compartments, second and fourth with black and green morocco labels respectively, remainder with concentric decoration in gilt, edges yellow. Leaf of publisher's advertisements at rear of vol. II. With 19th-century engraved bookplate of one J. J. Reynolds on front free endpapers. Extremities neatly restored. Light bumping and rubbing, slight browning and foxing to endpapers and outer leaves, lower corner of X2 (vol. I) torn away: a very good copy. Goldsmiths' 17213; Tribe 63.