1892 BACTERIAL PHOTOMICROGRAPHS Microphtographischer Atlas der Bakterienkunde

Berlin: August Hirschwald, 1892. First edition.

1892 EARLY ATLAS OF BACTERIAL PHOTOMICROGRAPHS BY DISCIPLES OF ROBERT KOCH - 76 PLATES.

9 1/2 inches tall hardcover, 48 pages, 3/4 leather with marbled paper covers, spine with raised bands and gilt titles, 1 full page black & white full-page figure of photographic apparatus, 2 unnumbered plates, followed by 74 numbered plates of photomicrographs of microorganisms. Wear to covers, joints weak, hinges reinforced with archival tape, institutional library embossed stamps to title page, text otherwise unmarked. Overall good+.

CARL FRAENKEL (1861 - 1915) was a German physician and bacteriologist. In 1885 he entered the laboratory of Robert Koch in Berlin, then joined the faculty of the University of Konigsberg followed by the University of Marburg. With the outbreak of war in 1914 he was charged with the production of large quantities typhoid and cholera vaccine. He investigated various infectious diseases including cholera, diphtheria, gonococcus, and meningococcus.

RICHARD FRIEDRICH JOHANNES PFEIFFER (1858 - 1945) was also a German physician and bacteriologist. He is remembered for his many fundamental discoveries in immunology and bacteriology, particularly for the phenomenon of bacteriolysis. In 1894 he found that live cholera bacteria could be injected without ill effects into guinea pigs previously immunized against cholera, and that blood plasma from these animals added to live cholera bacteria caused them to become motionless and to lyse. This could be inhibited by previously heating the blood plasma. He called this bacteriolysis and it became known as the Pfeiffer Phenomenon. Working with Robert Koch in Berlin he developed the concept of endotoxin as a heat-stable bacterial poison responsible for the pathophysiological consequences of certain infectious diseases. Pfeiffer was a pioneer in typhoid vaccination. He discovered the specific bacteria-dissolving immune bodies in cholera and typhus. In 1892 he isolated what he thought was the causative agent of influenza. The culprit, according to Pfeiffer, was a small rod-shaped bacterium that he isolated from the noses of flu-infected patients . He dubbed it Bacillus influenzae (or Pfeiffer's bacillus), which was later called Haemophilus influenzae. In 1896 he isolated micrococcus catarrhalis that is the cause of laryngitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia in children and adults with underlying chronic lung disease. It is occasionally a cause of meningitis. Richard Pfeiffer also invented a universal staining for histological preparations. He was a student of Robert Koch (1843-1910), and from 1887 to 1891 worked as Koch's assistant in the Institute of Hygiene in Berlin. In 1897 Pfeiffer joined the German expedition under Robert Koch to India to investigate the plague.