30 YEARS OF EXPERIMENTAL EMBRYOLOGY. Biochemistry and Causal Morphology IN Amphibian Regeneration, Science Progress: TOGETHER WITH 123 OTHER OFFPRINTS FROM THE HEYDAY OF EXPERIMENTAL EMBRYOLOGY

1909 - 1939. First editions.

1909 – 1939 BOUND COLLECTION OF 124 OFFPRINTS BY EMINENT AMERICAN AND BRITISH BIOLOGISTS FROM THE HEYDAY OF EXPERIMENTAL EMBRYOLOGY.

Two hefty volumes, each 9 ½ inches tall, 3 inches thick, red buckram binding, gilt titles to spine, bookplates of Noble Suydam Rustum Maluf to front paste-down, typed table of contents. Vol. I contains 61 papers, Vol. II contains 63; there are many tables, figures, and plates. Light surface wear to covers, bindings tight, some covers signed by authors or recipient (N.S.R. Maluf), occasional marginal pencil notes, otherwise unmarked and very good. The offprints span a critical 30-year period of the 20th century science, documenting the flowering of experimental embryology, employing a wide variety of organisms. These include vertebrates (chick, amphibian, reptile, fish) and invertebrates (protozoa, hydrozoa, echinoderms, annelids, flatworms, crustaceans, insects).

COMPLETE LIST OF OFFPRINTS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST.
HEAVY SET WILL REQUIRE ADDITIONAL POSTAGE.

PROVENANCE: NOBLE SUYDAM RUSTUM MALUF (aka N. S. Royston Maloeuf) (1913 – 2011) was an American urologic surgeon, born in Cairo, who earned his PhD at Cornell and MD at Harvard. He pursued research in metabolism in the 1930s (three papers included in the present volumes) and later in comparative anatomy, through the 1990s. He was a dedicated bibliophile, building a large personal library of important books reflecting the history of biology and medicine. The volumes offered here are examples of his curation of original research papers from the early 20th century.

SELECTED PAPERS IN THE COLLECTION:
1) Howard B. Adelmann. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OP THE EYE I. THE EFFECT OF THE REMOVAL OF MEDIAL AND LATERAL AREAS OF THE ANTERIOR END OF THE URODELAN NEURAL PLATE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EYES (TRITON TENIATUS AND AMBLYSTOMA PUNCTATUM). J Experimental Zoology Vol. 54, No. 2, October, 1929;
2) C. M Child, EXPERIMENTAL LOCALIZATION OF NEW AXES IN CORYMORPHA WITHOUT OBLITERATION OF THE ORIGINAL POLARITY. Biological Bulletin, Vol. LIII No. 6, December, 1927;
3) Libbie H. Hyman. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS OF PROFESSOR CHARLES MANNING CHILD. Physiol. Zool. Vol. XI No 2, April 1938;
4) James A. Miller. STUDIES ON HETEROPLASTIC TRANSPLANTATION IN TRICLADS I CEPHALIC GRAFTS BETWEEN EUPLANARIA DOROTOCEPHALA AND TIGRINA. Physiol. Zool. Vol. XI No 2, April 1938;
5) N. S. Royston Maloeuf. The Nitroprusside Reaction as a Test for Reduced Glutathione. Nature, Vol. 138, page 75, July 11, 1936;
6) Joseph Needham. PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL EMBRY0L0GY. ADVANCES IN MODERN BIOLOGY VOL. IV, No 4-5 (1935);
7) Joseph Needham. BIOCHEMISTRY AND CAUSAL MORPHOLOGY in Amphibian Regeneration. Science Progress, No I21, July, 1936. [inscribed top of cover, "In return, Please send me your Nature letter: J.N."];
8) C. H. Waddington, J. Needham, W. W. Nowinski, D. M. Needham, R Lemberg. ACTIVE PRINCIPLE OF THE AMPHIBIAN ORGANISATION CENTRE. Nature, Vol. 134, page I03 July 21 I934;
9) Jane M. Oppenheimer. HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF TELEOSTEAN DEVELOPMENT. I.—Aristotle, II.—The Eighteenth Century; III. –The Wurzburg School; IV—The French School. Osiris 2 (1936) [note by Maluf: "part of dissertation of Jane M. Oppenheimer; they charged her $40 for the plates"];
10) Paul Weiss. IN VITRO EXPERIMENTS ON THE FACTORS DETERMINING THE COURSE OF THE OUTGROWING NERVE FIBER. The Journal of Experimental Zoology Vol. 68, No. 3, August, 1934;
11) V. B. Wigglesworth. THE PHYSIOLOGY OF ECDYSIS IN RHODNIUS PROLIXUS (HEMIPTERA). II. Factors controlling moulting and 'Metamorphosis'. Quart. J. Micr. Sci. 77 (1934).

HOWARD BERNHARDT ADELMANN (1898-1988) was an American science historian. His main contribution is the study of the works of Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694). Marcello Malpighi and the Evolution of Embryology, published in 1966, consists of five volumes containing over 2,500 pages. Cornell Press hired the Oxford University Press to publish the work, which required 5 years to complete. Poynter in his review is in awe of the sheer body of work, a "monument of historical and scientific academic work" that would have been called remarkable had it been the work of an entire team of dedicated researchers, and calls the book "Undoubtedly one of the great landmarks - beside Sarton and Needham - in modern historical academic work in science and medicine." The 2 papers in this collection reflect Adelmann's expertise as an accomplished embryologist early in his career.

JOSEPH HALL BODINE (1895 – 1954) was professor of zoology and department chairman at University of Iowa, where his research focused on the embryo of the grasshopper Melanoplus differentialis. He spent most of his scientific life investigating a single organism—the embryo of the grasshopper Melanoplus differentialis, and a single process or event—the diapause that intervenes between two periods of active growth and development. His research work and publications, spanning the period from 1918 to 1953, have made notable contributions to the physiology and biochemistry of embryonic development. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences.

CHARLES MANNING CHILD (1869 - 1954) was an American zoologist noted for his work on regeneration at the University of Chicago. The gradient theory, recognized as Child's most significant scientific contribution, brought together his elaborate body of work on lower organisms, synthesizing his interests in development and the general reactivity of organisms. The gradient theory grew from his studies of regeneration, which were largely based on work conducted with planaria. Child observed that regeneration in planaria occurred in a graded process along the axis of the organism, wherein each physiological process seemed determined by its location along the axis. He posited the existence of physiological factors working to guide the regenerative process and was convinced that these differences could be explained quantitatively. Child used much of his evidence to argue that we need to think differently about development and about life cycles. His work on metabolic gradients paved the way for current work in metabolic signaling and has inspired other researchers who followed Child.

LIBBIE HENRIETTA HYMAN (1888 – 1969), was a graduate student of Child's, and earned her Ph.D. in Zoology from the University of Chicago in 1915. She spent several summers studying specimens and drawing illustrations at Bermuda Biological Laboratory, Marine Biological Laboratory, Mt. Desert Island Biological Laboratory, and Puget Sound Biological Station. This led to her scientific theory that the phylum Chordata was evolutionarily related to the Echinodermata, now known as the deuterostomes. Her theory was based upon the morphological data of classical embryology, and has since been confirmed by molecular sequence analysis. In 1960, she was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

CONRAD HAL WADDINGTON (1905 – 1975) was a British developmental biologist, paleontologist, geneticist, embryologist and philosopher who laid the foundations for systems biology, epigenetics, and evolutionary developmental biology. In the early 1930s, Waddington and many other embryologists looked for the molecules that would induce the amphibian neural tube. The search was beyond the technology of that time, and most embryologists moved away from such deep problems. Waddington, however, came to the view that the answers to embryology lay in genetics, and in 1935 went to Thomas Hunt Morgan's Drosophila laboratory in California. In the late 1930s, Waddington produced formal models about how gene regulatory products could generate developmental phenomena. In a period of great creativity at the end of the 1930s, he also discovered mutations that affected cell phenotypes and wrote his first textbook of "developmental epigenetics". Waddington was arguably the most original thinker about developmental biology of the pre-molecular age and the medal of the British Society for Developmental Biology is named after him.

JOSEPH NEEDHAM (1900 – 1995) was a British biochemist, historian and sinologist known for his scientific research and writing on the history of Chinese science and technology. In October 1925, Needham earned a PhD from Cambridge University. He had intended to study medicine, but came under the influence of Frederick Hopkins, resulting in his switch to biochemistry. After graduation, Needham worked in Hopkins' laboratory, specializing in embryology and morphogenesis. His three-volume work Chemical Embryology, published in 1931, includes a history of embryology from Egyptian times up to the early 19th century, including quotations in most European languages.

JANE MARION OPPENHEIMER (1911 - 1996) was an American embryologist and historian of science. Oppenheimer graduated from Bryn Mawr College (1932) and earned a Ph.D. in Zoology from Yale University (1935). The paper by Oppenheimer in this collection represents part of her dissertation—a note by Maluf states that the publisher charged her $40 for the plates! Oppenheimer's experimental career grew from her graduate work with Fundulus heteroclitus, and she made significant contributions to teleost embryology. She was particularly interested in questions of inductions, differentiation capabilities, and regulation. Seven early papers were based upon grafting experiments and demonstrated that the dorsal lips of fish and amphibian embryos showed the same organizer activity. Oppenheimer also performed fate mapping experiments, described cell movements of gastrulation, and published a staging series for Fundulus embryos.

NELLIE M. PAYNE (1900 – 1990) was an American entomologist and agricultural chemist. From 1933 to 1937 Payne taught entomology at the University of Minnesota, while spending summers as a researcher at Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory. Her research at Woods Hole involved low temperature effects on invertebrates and the physiological effects of parasitoids on their hosts (her paper in this collection was a product of these studies).

PAUL ALFRED WEISS (1898 – 1989) was an Austrian biologist who specialized in morphogenesis, development, differentiation and neurobiology. He studied cell differentiation and the transplanting and reforming of connections in the nerves of limbs, using newts and frogs for his experiments. He went on to consider neurobiology and morphogenesis. He introduced the idea of the "natural experiment" – the quest for suggestive examples from nature – and this became a favorite teaching device. In 1931, after studying developing cell cultures for some time, Weiss won a Sterling fellowship to work with Ross Granville Harrison at Yale. In his work on tissue cultures Weiss outlined several features of cell proliferation: he showed how cell-patterns are affected by their substrate and, through grafts, proved that basic neural patterns of coordination were self-differentiating rather than learned.

VINCENT BRIAN WIGGLESWORTH (1899 – 1994) was a British entomologist who made significant contributions to the field of insect physiology. His most significant contribution was the discovery that neurosecretory cells in the brain of the South American kissing bug, Rhodnius prolixus, secrete a crucial hormone that triggers the prothoracic gland to release prothoracicotropic hormone, which regulates metamorphosis. This was the first experimental confirmation of the function of neurosecretory cells. From these observations, Wigglesworth was able to develop a coherent theory of how an insect's genome can selectively activate hormones which determine its development and morphology.